Accessibility Tools

English
Polski
English

a

1.jpg

GLOSSARY

Religious icon (point or line on the map): In the RUM Archive, an object, event, place, building, body, clothing, ornament, image, or phenomenon is classified as variously related to religion, spirituality, religious worldview, or possessing religious potential. Religious icons evoke a specific type of communication with what people imagine as a different or transcendent reality. Religious icons may, but do not have to, be intentional. They are also dependent on the context in which they appear, as well as the socio-cultural competencies and cognitive abilities of the observer. The term “icon” should be understood in terms of semiotic tradition.

1.jpg

GLOSSARY

Religious icon (point or line on the map): In the RUM Archive, an object, event, place, building, body, clothing, ornament, image, or phenomenon is classified as variously related to religion, spirituality, religious worldview, or possessing religious potential. Religious icons evoke a specific type of communication with what people imagine as a different or transcendent reality. Religious icons may, but do not have to, be intentional. They are also dependent on the context in which they appear, as well as the socio-cultural competencies and cognitive abilities of the observer. The term “icon” should be understood in terms of semiotic tradition.

1.jpg

GLOSSARY

Religious icon (point or line on the map): In the RUM Archive, an object, event, place, building, body, clothing, ornament, image, or phenomenon is classified as variously related to religion, spirituality, religious worldview, or possessing religious potential. Religious icons evoke a specific type of communication with what people imagine as a different or transcendent reality. Religious icons may, but do not have to, be intentional. They are also dependent on the context in which they appear, as well as the socio-cultural competencies and cognitive abilities of the observer. The term “icon” should be understood in terms of semiotic tradition.

b

Activism / mission
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory encompasses social, political, economic, or cultural engagement conducted within specific religious worldviews, institutions, or organizational forms. It does not include broadly understood social activism unrelated to or not directly mediated by a religious or spiritual worldview.

Art
(category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this category defines the character of art associated with a given religious icon, such as traditional, popular, or contemporary. It also includes the "creative" feature, which highlights unconventional, innovative forms that introduce new meanings and contexts to a religious icon. The "art" category is fluid, meaning some religious icons may possess multiple characteristics, while others may acquire specific attributes only through broader context and perspective.

Asian traditions and religions
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory refers to religious icons from various spiritual, religious, and philosophical traditions of Asia, beyond Buddhism and Hinduism. Examples include Taoism, Confucianism, Shinto, Zoroastrianism, Dao, and Caodaism.

Body
(under "Materiality" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory pertains to the human body in a religious or spiritual context, such as clothing (e.g., hijab), ornaments (e.g., cross earrings), or presence in a non-religious setting (e.g., a nun in a market square).

Building / Place / Space
(under "Materiality" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory describes a religious icon represented through a spatial or architectural formation, such as a school, hospital, park, meadow, or square.

Characters
(category):

 

In the RUM Archive, a set of subcategories defines the relationship between religious icons and various dimensions of social or religious life.

Christians (various traditions)
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory pertains to religious icons associated with the broader Christian tradition but where specific institutional or denominational affiliation is difficult to determine. Note: Although the cross is a universal Christian symbol, on the map it is often categorized as Roman Catholicism, depending on the local context.

Commemoration
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory encompasses all forms of memory and homage that invoke or reference past events or persons.

Creative
(under "Art" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, a religious icon appears in an unconventional form, reprocessed, imbued with a new meaning, or presented in an unusual context designed to impart additional significance.

Cyclical
(under "Temporality" category):

 

This subcategory describes the intervals at which certain religious icons reappear, such as annual holidays or recurring events.

Description

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory provides contextual descriptions (historical, social) and additional information about a given religious icon.

Detector

 

A person or researcher who, while exploring the city, identifies objects, events, places, or images that are classified as related to religion or possess religious potential.

District

 

An administrative area of the city. On the map, it allows users to search for specific parts of the city.

Eastern European
(under "Provenance" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this denotes religious icons directly managed or associated with entities/persons belonging to the Eastern European cultural and geopolitical sphere. For the purposes of the RUM Archive, this includes Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Georgia, and "Eastern Galicia."

Economy
(category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this category defines the economic dependencies and relations in which a given religious icon is situated. It is divided into subcategories: Entertainment, Tourism, Religious branding, Non-specific / Other, and Not applicable.

Entertainment
(under "Economy" category):

 

This subcategory characterizes religious icons associated with various forms of entertainment.

Ephemeral / temporal / one-time

(under the „Temporality” category):

 

This subcategory defines the temporariness, transience, or ephemerality of a religious icon.

Healing
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory characterizes religious icons associated with forms of healing or well-being.

Inactive
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory refers to materialities that have lost their original religious functions, e.g., a church building no longer used for worship.

Inscription
(under "Materiality" category):

 

Typically found on a wall, tenement, building, or permanent object, this subcategory refers to sentences, slogans, additions, or graffiti.

Institutional
(under "Organisational form / Structure" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this refers to religious icons that exist as part of an organized religious structure, managed by or under its authority. This includes legally regulated religious structures (e.g., churches, religious associations) and informal structures with an institutional character. The distinction between institutional and lived dimensions is often fluid and ambiguous.

Left-wing
(under "Political / Worldview" category):

 

A religious icon that aligns most clearly and unambiguously with left-wing sociopolitical postulates.

Lived
(under "Organisational form / Structure" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this refers to religious icons occurring outside official/institutional religious structures, appearing in the context of individual religiosity/spirituality. The distinction between lived and institutional dimensions is often fluid and ambiguous.

Materiality
(category)

 

In the RUM Archive, this category defines various material forms of religion in the urban public sphere, e.g., temples, buildings, clothing, objects, images, small architecture, etc.

Medical
(under "Characters" category):

 

This subcategory characterizes religious icons associated with the healthcare system, procedures, or medical institutions.

Name
(Category):

 

The basic form of description for a religious icon.

National
(under “Political / Worldview" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory describes religious icons associated with the idea of the Polish State, Polish nationality, or Polishness. These icons have a national dimension or scope and are legitimized by the Polish State (e.g., political parties, national holidays).

New-Paganism

 

This term in the RUM Archive covers a range of groups referring to pre-Christian roots and practices, including
New-Pagans, Wicca, and Druids.

NGO / ASSOC / Enterprise
(under "Organisational form / Structure" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this subcategory describes religious icons associated with structures of economic and social organization where the religious component is part of the organizational ethos. For example, schools, publishers, or foundations guided by a religious worldview but not directly run by religious organizations. The distinction between institutional and NGO/ASSOC/Enterprise categories is often fluid.

Non-specific / Other
(under "Economy" category):

 

This subcategory describes religious icons linked to a specific economic dimension or those not associated with broader economic practices.

Not applicable
(under "Organisational form / Structure" category):

 

This subcategory describes religious icons not directly associated with or managed by any religious organization, e.g., crosses on national flags, angel figurines in souvenir shops, religious symbols on stickers or murals, or references to religion during social protests.

Object / Image / Picture
(under "Materiality" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, denotes religious icons whose materiality takes the form of an object, representation, or item, e.g., rosary, sculpture, poster, sticker, graffiti, monument, or stained glass.

Organisational form / Structure
(category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this defines the structure and form of organisation in which a religious icon appears and through which it is managed, controlled, or dominated. For example, the building of a Roman Catholic church is part of the institution of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland. The individual lighting of a candle in front of a chapel is considered an individual act (so-called lived religion).

Other
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this pertains to religious or spiritual practices not listed, e.g., Ancient Greek Religions, Ancient Roman Religions, Zoroastrianism, or Esoteric traditions.

Other Christians
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this denotes Christian groups or institutions that do not belong to other Christian categories distinguished in the Archive.

Political / Worldview
(category)

 

In the RUM Archive, this describes the assignment of a specific religious icon to different levels of state organisation, national scope, or worldview options. This category is divided into subcategories: State / local administration, National, Left-wing, and Other / not applicable.

Popular
(under "Art" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this describes a religious icon associated with representations that have entered the popular culture repository, including mass-produced items.

PR / Advertising
(under "Materiality" category):

 

This specifies a religious icon that serves an advertising or marketing function.

Protest
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this describes situations where a religious icon is linked to or engaged in expressing opposition, disagreement, or the articulation of demands, contrasting with other attitudes or positions.

Provenance
(category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this category indicates the cultural, social, or geographic affiliation of individuals or groups managing a given religious icon, such as Various African, Various Asian, Middle Eastern, German, or Eastern Europe. When such specificity is absent, the category is marked as "Other / Not Applicable."

Public
(under "Sphere" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this denotes a religious icon that is generally accessible and unrestricted by entrance fees or selection criteria.

Religious Affordance

 

This refers to the potential of objects, events, and phenomena to be considered as part of the category of religion.

Religious branding
(under "Economy" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this defines a religious icon intentionally placed in a market context to enhance an offer or promote specific associations.

Religious field

 

The social structure and social formation of religion; it is a space where social practices and meanings constitute a common social imagination regarding religion. This manifests in various ways, e.g., through objects, actions, discourses, spatial formations, religious institutions and groups, private religiosity, spiritual practices, and forms of religious management in the city. Internally, the religious field is subject to or regulated by structures, practices and techniques of power, including domination, marginalisation, rejection, hierarchy, and erasure.

Religion like
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this denotes a religious icon that resembles or refers to dimensions of religion or spirituality, imitates or emulates them, and possesses religious affordance and potential.

Semi-public
(under "Sphere" category):

 

This describes religious icons accessible to recipients in the public "street" sphere but located in areas with restricted access, e.g., Stations of the Cross in a closed monastery garden visible from the street level.

State / local administration
(under "Political / Worldview" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this defines religious icons managed by various levels of state administration.

Tourism
(under "Economy" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this describes religious icons appearing in the context of broadly understood tourism.

Unclear
(under "Visibility" category):

 

This denotes religious icons that are not obviously visible or accessible to the senses, are partially obscured, or have limited sensory perception.

Urbanity

 

This refers to the totality of experiences, actions, models, lifestyles, and systems of residence and administration that constitute the contemporary urban formation.

Various
(under "Religion" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this denotes religious icons that can be classified into more than one religious or spiritual tradition.

Work
(under "Characters" category):

 

In the RUM Archive, this describes a religious icon associated with performed work or labor.